Fatigue, a feeling of severe falling into the legs, slight swelling of the tissues, swelling of the veins and the first visible "vascular networks" can indicate the development of varicose veins of the lower limbs.
The statistics for this disease are very sad.For example, there are about 37 million people suffering from the disease in one country.Of these, every 6 patient is a girl under 12 years of age.Such an early onset of the disease significantly increases the risk of complications, which in advanced form threaten disabilities and even death.
What is terrible in the varicose veins of the lower limbs?Why is it so important to stop its development in the early stages?Regarding the methods of its treatment, preventive measures from the perspective of specialists, as well as many other useful information about varicose veins of the lower limbs, read this article.
What are the varicose veins of the lower limbs?
All veins in the human body are divided into deep, superficial and perforated.Deep vessels perform almost all the work (90%) to transport blood to the heart, and the perforated are a type of bridge between deep and superficial.The structure of the veins ensures the presence of valves that directly and contribute to the leakage of blood only in the right direction.In case of malfunctioning in the circulatory system, part of the blood accumulates at one point.This leads to local expansion (extension) of the vessel.Deep veins (so -called internal varicose veins), later superficial in the form of "vascular stars and nodes" suffer.
За пълното възприемане на сериозността на болестта си струва да се отбележи, че прогресията му заплашва развитието на тромбофлебита, блокирането на тромбския белодробен артерия (или тромбоемболизъм), както и за трофични язви на долния крак, лимфостазата (оток на долните крайници) и много други проблеми, които могат да водят до смъртта на пациента.
The main causes of varicose veins of the lower limbs
Prove the functioning of blood vessels, blood flow as a whole, and then stimulates the appearance of varicose veins of the superficial veins of the lower limbs.Think about the main ones:
- The congenital pathology of the valves located in the venous vessels - the disease can be inherited.According to statistics, two -thirds of patients have close relatives with a similar disease.
- Insufficient mobility reduces the load on soft tissues.As a result of this reduction in the load of blood vessels, their tones.
- During the position of the "standing" pressure inside the vessels of the legs increases ten times.With a long vertical location, the valves cannot cope with the increased load, which causes a violation of their functioning.
- Reducing the tone of blood vessels - can be caused by age -related changes, loss of elasticity of walls after individual diseases.
- Pregnancy - This period is characterized by an increase in blood in the body of a woman, as well as by hormones of progesterone, estrogen.Together, such changes stimulate the development of varicose veins of the lower limbs.It is true that the normalization of the processes is possible about 1 year after birth if varicose complications do not occur.
The list of causes of the disease is complemented by overweight, the presence of injuries, surgery, hormonal disorders and the use of contraceptive drugs.
Determine varicose veins of the lower limbs - symptoms and diagnosis
The effectiveness of treatment, the rate of positive result, largely depends on the accuracy, the timeliness of the diagnosis of diseases.
The signs of varicose veins of the lower limbs will help determine the disease in the early stages:
- the appearance of slight swelling of the legs;
- Swelling of superficial venous vessels, their increase in diameter;
- itching of the lower limbs for varicose veins;
- feeling of fatigue, weight;
- burning, pain caused by surge on the walls of the veins;
- Faculty convulsions;
- Notable blue skin along the vein, the seal (retreat) of the problem areas of the tissues, the formation of varicose eczema of the lower limbs.
Even a slight disturbance of the integrity of the skin at the site of eczema can lead to the appearance of a trophic ulcer.
In the varicose veins of the deep veins of the lower limbs, the symptoms may manifest in later stages, which is undesirable.Therefore, in the presence of the less suspicion of the disease, it is recommended that you consult a doctor.
The diagnosis of varicose veins of the lower limbs is made on special equipment.Such a study is safe, painless and allows you to overall the severity of the disease.
There are several diagnostic options:
- visual inspection;
- The technique of color duplex examination - a blood flow map prepared during the study allows us to evaluate the direction, the blood rate of the veins.The procedure informs the condition of the blood vessels, which is important for the prediction of the development of varicose veins;
- Phlebography - is very rarely used as it provides X -ray study.
During the diagnosis, you can monitor the condition of blood vessels, valves, analyze their functional capabilities, and determine the direction of blood flow.
As a rule, the priority of a doctor's visit is a change in aesthetic nature.Of the first type, harmless, they can further develop into serious illnesses and complications.Therefore, it is not worth neglecting their meaning.
Classification of varicose veins of the lower limbs
Doctors usually distinguish 5 stages of varicose veins of the lower limbs, each of which has its own symptoms:
- 1st stage- Reticular varicose veins of the lower limbs, which is easiest to treat.It differs in the presence of a "vascular network".Enlarged veins are visible through thin skin (especially in a hole below the knee), there is still no pain.
- Stage 2- segmental varicose veins of the lower limbs, accompanied by mild fatigue, a feeling of weight in the legs, even convulsive spasms in the calf muscle and a little swelling of the veins are possible;
- Stage 3-The uncertain vessels are significantly different from the skin, especially inside the lower leg, thin skin with dark brown spots, itching, rashes, signs of dermatitis.Increased swelling causes movement discomfort.
- Stage 4Different veins of the lower limbs - the symptoms are clearly expressed, complications of the disease, such as thrombophlebitis, manifestations of trophic ulcers, are manifested.The various swollen nodes are significantly manifested through the exquisite skin of the lower leg, stop and femur.
- Stage 5-Toks all the symptoms of the fourth stage.In addition, the disease progresses in the inguinal area.The number of trophic ulcers is rapidly increasing as the actual incidence of thrombophlebitis crises.At this stage, the doctor detects damage for varicose veins.
The main task of both the patient and his or her doctor is to prevent the disease from developing from the initial stages, and the earlier you consult a phlebologist, the easier it will be to stop the disease.
Treatment of varicose veins of the lower limbs
Medicine is not stationary, but it develops the most technologies to combat venous disease.Treatment of varicose veins of the lower limbs can be performed by conservative methods (medicines, minimally invasive procedures), surgery and home remedies in combination with massage.
The deterioration of the attractiveness of the appearance is far from the entire list of possible problems.Complications and damage can be added to it.Modern medicine offers a large range of non -surgical effects on problem areas and is often physiotherapy for varicose veins of the lower limbs, which is most effective in the initial stages of the disease:
- The use of creamy preparations, gels, ointments for varicose veins of the lower limbs, these drugs have a noticeable relief.They are easily applied to the surface, do not cause pain and discomfort.
- The use of venotonics - medicines that with varicose veins that normalize the functioning of the veins.
- The impact of the laser is the method of endeenosis of the laser prison of the veins (rays) is widely used in the fight against varicose veins.The principle of the procedure is to stop the functioning of the problem vein due to the effects of the heat beam on it.Laser manipulations are performed under local anesthesia, no restrictions on action and additional stay in the clinic are required.Immediately after the procedure, the patient has the right to return.
- Magnetotherapy for varicose veins of the lower limbs is a modern auxiliary method that promotes blood liquefaction, stimulating blood circulation and, as a result, promotes the removal of toxins from the tissues and saturates them with oxygen.
- Radio Frequency Effects - Radio frequencies work similar to a laser.They exclude the problematic vessel from the blood system, thus eliminating the risk of possible complications;
- Sclerotherapy - involves the introduction of a special medicine into the diseased vein, which favors the adhesion of the walls of the vessel and is self -repaired by the bloodstream after a while.
It is worth noting that preliminary consultations of the doctor and a special study are needed.
Operations for varicose veins of the lower limbs
Later, seeking a doctor, neglecting the disease leads to HVN (chronic venous insufficiency) and inappropriate for minimally invasive therapy.In such cases, surgery comes to the rescue.
The indications for surgery for varicose veins of the lower limbs are the factors:
- The disease is in severe stages when trophic ulcers occur gradually;
- development of thrombophlebitis;
- Discomfort associated with excessive fatigue, swelling of the legs.
The principle of surgery is based as conservative methods to eliminate the problematic vein from the circulatory system.Only with minimally invasive methods have the vessels glued, and during the operation they turn on both sides and are removed.
There are several basic methods for surgical treatment of varicose veins of the lower limbs:
- Flbectomy- The classic version of surgery.Small cuts (up to five millimeters) are performed on the skin, through which the probe is introduced and the inflamed vein is removed.The procedure takes no more than two hours, does not mean long hospitalization.
- MiniFo -Bectomy- It is different from the classic phlebectomy with the size of the hole in the skin.In this case, these are the minimum breakthroughs that minimize the rehabilitation period, leave no visible traces on the body.
- Brief- Requires accurate determination of the location of the problem area.The settled segment has been removed.There is no trace after the procedure.
- Vein dissectionUnder the control of the endocope with high optics.It is introduced directly into the inflamed vein, the operation is performed by the monitor.Experience, a surgeon qualification increases the chances of the success of the operation.
Surgery will solve the problem with vein patients, reduce the risk of developing the disease, help relieve symptoms in the short stages.Compression linen that venonizing drugs are the basic condition for the rehabilitation period.They contribute to rapid recovery, normalization of blood circulation.
Treatment of varicose veins of the lower limbs with folk remedies
A separate niche in the treatment of varicose veins of the lower limbs is occupied by home remedies.It is not necessary to confirm their enormous meaning, but there is nothing to reduce dignity.Cooked decoction, infusions, compresses can reduce pain, relieve the feeling of heaviness and fatigue after a hard day.
As an option for the treatment of reticular varicose veins, traditional medicine recommends tincture of Kalamus root on red wine for internal use.There are also recipes for external rubbing.
Failed birch buds insist on 10 days of 0.5 liters of vodka.The product is rubbed into the skin as well.
Compresses are useful for varicose veins of the lower limbs of yogurt with garlic or packing with fresh cabbage leaves.
Hoping for a super -Soore result is not worth it.The agents are suitable for preventive purposes and for the treatment of primary varicose veins of the lower limbs, along with the treatment of medicines prescribed by the doctor separately.Do not use any treatment without consulting your doctor.
Massage and gymnastics for varicose veins of the lower limbs
The healing qualities of massage have been known to humanity since ancient times.Lower limb massage for varicose veins also has a useful effect.It enhances the flow of blood and lymph, normalizes venous pressure, triggers the metabolic processes inside the tissues.
The massage technique is special.It is forbidden to affect the area of the affected vein in every way, only around it.Slight numbness, widespread capture and repayment are the main techniques of the procedure.It is recommended to combine a massage with a set of classes.
Gymnastics for varicose veins of the lower limbs involves the application of a whole set of actions:
- Warming - two - three minutes should be lied with raised legs.They have to rely on the wall or other hill, this position guarantees their full relaxation.
- Bicycle Exercise - Movements are identical as a bicycle driving.Only the location of the body "lies on the back".
- Exercise "scissors" - to cross the limbs up for at least one minute.
- Exercise for the calf muscles - in "lying on the back", bend one leg so as to reach with a knee to the chest.Perform movements in the opposite direction while massaging the problem muscle.Repeat the procedure four times with each leg.
- Stand up.Within three to five minutes, go to your socks and get in the starting position.
- The gymnastic complex of exercises or exercises for varicose veins of the lower limbs guarantees a preventive, therapeutic effect aimed at accelerating the leakage of venous blood to the heart, increasing the tone of blood vessels.
It is important that the doctor not only approve of a set of exercises for everyday classes, but also to convince that the patient performs them properly without creating an additional load on the vessels.
Prevent varicose veins of the lower limbs
It is better to warn the problem than to treat yourself later!Specialists unanimously recommend that the following measures be carried out as a prevention of the disease:
- Move more - this reduces the risk of blood and lymph stagnation.
- Perform varicose veins regularly.
- The shoes should be comfortable, the heel should not exceed four centimeters.
- The long -term stay in the sun does not act on the walls of the blood vessels in the best way, limits the time of hot baths.
- Give a contrasting soul, it enhances blood circulation.
- Stop fresh vegetables, fruits, plant products.A special diet for varicose veins of the lower limbs is the "best friend" of health.
- Fill the water balance of the body by taking fluid at a speed of 2 liters a day.
- Exclusion of fatigue, improperly sitting or uncomfortable position during rest is the best prevention of varicose veins of the lower limbs.
It should be remembered that varicose veins of the lower limbs is a progressive disease.From painless "stars" it can develop in thrombophlebitis and trophic ulcers.Beauty, lack of pain and heaviness in the legs can be preserved by monitoring simple recommendations of specialists.If there is the slightest suspicion of illness, hurry up a phlebologist.Remember that it is finally impossible to cure varicose diseases, but it is realistic to prevent the risk of its further development.Be healthy!